該技術推廣應用的功效可體現在以下幾個方麵:
●取代薪柴,便於農家使用,利於養護林地改善生態環境;
●提高生物質資源的可收集性和運輸性,便於集中和規模化利用;
●集中製炭,出口創彙,使農作物秸稈的原始利用價值提高一個數量級,提高農民收入,也利於培育森林;
●用作壓縮飼料,解決邊遠牧區冬季飼料問題;
●集中氣化和液化,將氣化和液化設備的容積負荷提高2—3倍;充分發揮固定床技術的優勢,進一步降低加工成本;
●整機出口創彙。上規模而又低成本的生物質成型技術具有巨大的潛在國際市場。 生物質型塊的加工生產,具有明顯的環境效益、社she會hui效xiao益yi和he經jing濟ji效xiao益yi。在zai本ben項xiang目mu建jian議yi中zhong,僅jin就jiu利li用yong農nong作zuo物wu秸jie稈gan生sheng產chan生sheng物wu資zi型xing塊kuai用yong作zuo飼si料liao的de情qing況kuang,從cong技ji術shu經jing濟ji方fang麵mian加jia以yi說shuo明ming。農nong作zuo物wu秸jie稈gan經jing粉fen碎sui機ji粉fen碎sui後hou高gao壓ya成cheng型xing,密mi度du可ke達da1g/Cm3以上,體積大大減小,便於儲存和長途運輸。在到達目的地後,使用前隻需用水噴灑即可將其離散為牲畜飼料。在120MPagaoyaxiachengxing,xianweisujiegoufashengbianhua,shengchudekougangenghao,gengliyuxiaohuaxishou。zuoweidongchusiliao,keyiyouxiaojiejuemuqushengchuguodongshisiliaoduanquedewenti,yinci,shenshouguangdamuqumumindehuanying,meidunyasuosiliaodeshoujiakeda400元(yuan)左(zuo)右(you),具(ju)有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)市(shi)場(chang)推(tui)廣(guang)潛(qian)力(li)。該(gai)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)推(tui)廣(guang)應(ying)用(yong),不(bu)僅(jin)解(jie)決(jue)了(le)農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)秸(jie)稈(gan)的(de)出(chu)路(lu)問(wen)題(ti),消(xiao)除(chu)了(le)農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)秸(jie)稈(gan)焚(fen)燒(shao)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)汙(wu)染(ran),增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)當(dang)地(di)農(nong)民(min)收(shou)入(ru),幫(bang)助(zhu)農(nong)民(min)脫(tuo)貧(pin)致(zhi)富(fu),同(tong)時(shi)將(jiang)冬(dong)儲(chu)飼(si)料(liao)經(jing)濟(ji)有(you)效(xiao)地(di)遠(yuan)距(ju)離(li)運(yun)送(song)到(dao)西(xi)部(bu)廣(guang)大(da)牧(mu)區(qu),對(dui)於(yu)減(jian)緩(huan)過(guo)度(du)放(fang)牧(mu)對(dui)牧(mu)場(chang)的(de)壓(ya)力(li),改(gai)善(shan)西(xi)部(bu)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)也(ye)具(ju)有(you)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)現(xian)實(shi)意(yi)義(yi)。
生sheng物wu質zhi高gao壓ya成cheng型xing技ji術shu現xian有you的de生sheng物wu質zhi成cheng型xing主zhu要yao有you螺luo旋xuan擠ji壓ya和he模mo壓ya成cheng型xing兩liang類lei。從cong國guo內nei情qing況kuang看kan,前qian者zhe主zhu要yao用yong於yu生sheng產chan棒bang狀zhuang的de製zhi炭tan原yuan料liao,後hou者zhe主zhu要yao用yong於yu加jia工gong飼si料liao。這zhe兩liang類lei設she備bei的de主zhu要yao問wen題ti是shi生sheng產chan率lv低di下xia,單dan位wei產chan量liang的de投tou資zi和he能neng耗hao高gao,難nan以yi推tui廣guang應ying用yong。如ru螺luo旋xuan擠ji壓ya成cheng型xing,生sheng產chan率lv100kg/h,單位生產能力投資20萬元/噸,單位能耗> 100kwh/t,且螺旋因高溫高壓的工作條件,使用壽命僅150h,最新研究成果也不過500h。我(wo)國(guo)農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)就(jiu)秸(jie)稈(gan)的(de)開(kai)發(fa)利(li)用(yong)技(ji)術(shu),連(lian)續(xu)數(shu)屆(jie)科(ke)技(ji)攻(gong)關(guan),而(er)未(wei)有(you)突(tu)破(po)性(xing)進(jin)展(zhan)。以(yi)往(wang)限(xian)於(yu)生(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)成(cheng)型(xing)技(ji)術(shu)未(wei)能(neng)實(shi)用(yong)化(hua),生(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)預(yu)處(chu)理(li)技(ji)術(shu)停(ting)留(liu)在(zai)粗(cu)加(jia)工(gong)水(shui)平(ping)上(shang)。如(ru)西(xi)歐(ou)某(mou)些(xie)工(gong)業(ye)國(guo)的(de)秸(jie)稈(gan)紮(zha)捆(kun)燃(ran)燒(shao),國(guo)內(nei)外(wai)通(tong)行(xing)的(de)飼(si)料(liao)粉(fen)碎(sui),高(gao)品(pin)位(wei)燃(ran)料(liao)的(de)轉(zhuan)化(hua)研(yan)究(jiu)也(ye)隻(zhi)得(de)立(li)足(zu)於(yu)在(zai)切(qie)割(ge)粉(fen)碎(sui)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)的(de)流(liu)化(hua)床(chuang)和(he)沼(zhao)氣(qi)化(hua)技(ji)術(shu)。製(zhi)約(yue)著(zhe)生(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)開(kai)發(fa)利(li)用(yong)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。清(qing)華(hua)大(da)學(xue)在(zai)國(guo)家(jia)九(jiu)五(wu)科(ke)技(ji)攻(gong)關(guan)專(zhuan)題(ti)”生物質型煤及燃煤催化劑脫硫技術與裝備研究”中(zhong),吸(xi)收(shou)國(guo)外(wai)先(xian)進(jin)經(jing)驗(yan),在(zai)大(da)量(liang)試(shi)驗(yan)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)成(cheng)功(gong)地(di)開(kai)發(fa)了(le)國(guo)際(ji)首(shou)創(chuang)的(de)生(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)型(xing)煤(mei)成(cheng)型(xing)技(ji)術(shu),使(shi)生(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)高(gao)壓(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)技(ji)術(shu)獲(huo)得(de)突(tu)破(po)性(xing)進(jin)展(zhan)。此(ci)成(cheng)型(xing)技(ji)術(shu)屬(shu)生(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)最(zui)大(da)的(de)工(gong)業(ye)對(dui)輥(gun)成(cheng)型(xing)範(fan)疇(chou),開(kai)發(fa)的(de)新(xin)型(xing)輪(lun)能(neng)有(you)效(xiao)地(di)利(li)用(yong)生(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)纖(xian)維(wei)的(de)交(jiao)聯(lian)作(zuo)用(yong)實(shi)現(xian)工(gong)業(ye)型(xing)煤(mei)的(de)非(fei)粘(zhan)結(jie)劑(ji)成(cheng)型(xing)。且(qie)成(cheng)型(xing)後(hou)的(de)型(xing)煤(mei)不(bu)用(yong)烘(hong)幹(gan)固(gu)結(jie)即(ji)有(you)上(shang)千(qian)至(zhi)數(shu)千(qian)N/gedekangyaqiangdu。gunengdafudutigaogongyexingmeidejishujingjizhibiao。xinxinglundegongyechengxingtiaojianyaoqiuhenkuan,jingtongyongfenmeijifensuihefenggandemomei,yijijingguochansiliaofensuiji(2-4mm篩孔)粉碎的風幹秸稈(包括玉米秸、稻草和雜草等),按15-100%的生物質配比混合後均可成型;qieshengwuzhipeibiyuegao,xingmeiqiangduyuehao,chengxinggonghaoyuedi,yongyuquanshengwuzhichengxingdexiaoguogenghao。yuribentongleijishuxiangbi,xinxinglunjishujingjizhibiaochengbeitigao,xingmei(生物質配比15-25%)成型壓力降至120MPa;成型電流由56 - 58A的空載電流上升至70 - 75A(試驗配套電機75KW),按此成型電流計算的成型功耗<17kwh/t,此型煤成型功耗僅為生物質螺旋擠壓成型的1/6,全quan生sheng物wu質zhi成cheng型xing功gong耗hao會hui更geng小xiao。該gai技ji術shu應ying用yong於yu純chun生sheng物wu質zhi的de成cheng型xing更geng具ju有you顯xian著zhu的de技ji術shu優you勢shi和he經jing濟ji性xing能neng。在zai此ci基ji礎chu上shang針zhen對dui純chun生sheng物wu質zhi的de成cheng型xing開kai展zhan改gai進jin性xing設she計ji,調tiao整zheng型xing輪lun結jie構gou和he尺chi寸cun,改gai進jin減jian速su傳chuan動dong機ji構gou,其qi技ji術shu經jing濟ji性xing能neng會hui更geng優you。
鑒jian於yu農nong作zuo物wu秸jie稈gan分fen散san分fen布bu在zai各ge個ge農nong村cun的de特te點dian,全quan生sheng物wu質zhi工gong業ye對dui輥gun成cheng型xing機ji的de機ji型xing也ye可ke分fen為wei以yi分fen片pian集ji中zhong成cheng型xing和he車che載zai流liu動dong成cheng型xing兩liang種zhong方fang式shi生sheng產chan生sheng物wu質zhi型xing塊kuai。集ji中zhong成cheng型xing和he車che載zai流liu動dong成cheng型xing的de設she備bei投tou資zi基ji本ben相xiang當dang,但dan前qian者zhe管guan理li起qi來lai較jiao為wei方fang便bian,生sheng產chan安an全quan性xing高gao。建jian議yi目mu前qian主zhu要yao以yi分fen片pian集ji中zhong成cheng型xing為wei主zhu要yao形xing式shi,每mei方fang圓yuan30公gong裏li左zuo右you的de範fan圍wei建jian立li一yi個ge生sheng產chan點dian,可ke以yi考kao慮lv每mei縣xian建jian一yi個ge生sheng產chan點dian,與yu片pian內nei農nong戶hu簽qian訂ding收shou購gou合he同tong,按an照zhao生sheng產chan需xu求qiu安an排pai農nong民min在zai不bu同tong的de時shi間jian將jiang風feng幹gan的de農nong作zuo物wu秸jie稈gan送song至zhi加jia工gong廠chang,既ji保bao證zheng生sheng產chan的de連lian續xu性xing,又you可ke將jiang秸jie稈gan堆dui存cun量liang減jian至zhi最zui低di,減jian少shao生sheng產chan用yong地di,富fu通tong新xin能neng源yuan生sheng產chan銷xiao售shou的de秸稈顆粒機、秸稈壓塊機專業壓製生物質成型燃料飼料。



