現今在有關的專業書籍和製粒機製造廠家的說明書中，通常把在壓製室內分布的粉料層分為三個不同的區域：供料區、壓緊壓和擠壓區(如圖1)，bingfenxizhichuzaijiyaqunei，suizheyaqiangdezengda，liaocengdejiyalichaoguolemokongdemocazuli，siliaobeizhubujirumokong，xingchenglixiangzhongdesiliaozhu，zaijingqiedaoqiechengsuoxuchangdudekelisiliao。erzaiyajinqunei，youhuanmoheyagunxingchengdegongzuoxiejiaoxiaoyuliaocengdelinjiemocajiao，liaocengbeidaidongsuihuanmoheyagundezhuandongertongbuyundong，yixiangjiyaqu，qiesuizheyajinquneirenyiduanmianmianjizaiyundongzhongdebuduanjianxiao，liaocengbeizhujianyajin，midubuduanzengda，danqineibugediandeyaqianghaibuzuyikefumokongdemocazuli，suoyiliaocengzhishibuduanbeiyasuo，danbingbuxiangmokongliudong。lingze，zaigongliaoqu，youyuhuanmoheyagunxingchengdexiejiaodayuliaocengdelinjiemocajiao，liaocengbubeijuerudaidongqianyi，zhishiduijizaihuanmoheyagunzhijian，suizheqianmianyajinquneiliaocengdeqianyi，zhububujinyouhuanmoheyagunzhuandongshibuduanxingchengdexindeyajinqukongjiannei。danshitongguoyixiadejidianfenxi，womenbunankanchu，yishangdedisanquyu——供料區料層分布的合理方式是有待於研討的問題。
現我們假設：一、如ru果guo以yi上shang的de三san個ge區qu域yu的de劃hua分fen理li論lun是shi成cheng立li的de，除chu非fei製zhi粒li機ji空kong轉zhuan，否fou則ze隻zhi要yao有you一yi定ding數shu量liang的de物wu料liao喂wei人ren，三san個ge區qu域yu都dou是shi會hui同tong時shi存cun在zai的de，隻zhi是shi在zai任ren一yi特te定ding的de各ge變bian量liang因yin素su暫zan時shi假jia設she不bu變bian的de前qian提ti下xia，對dui每mei一yi個ge特te定ding的de工gong況kuang。理li論lun上shang擠ji壓ya區qu、壓緊區都有一個特定的最大值。當喂料量偏小，供料區料層厚度小於理論上壓緊區最大起始點時，擠壓區、壓(ya)緊(jin)區(qu)都(dou)會(hui)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)變(bian)量(liang)，區(qu)間(jian)長(chang)度(du)的(de)變(bian)化(hua)將(jiang)隨(sui)著(zhe)喂(wei)料(liao)量(liang)的(de)大(da)小(xiao)變(bian)化(hua)而(er)變(bian)化(hua)，如(ru)果(guo)喂(wei)料(liao)量(liang)比(bi)最(zui)大(da)允(yun)許(xu)值(zhi)偏(pian)小(xiao)，這(zhe)時(shi)，壓(ya)緊(jin)區(qu)的(de)起(qi)始(shi)點(dian)將(jiang)向(xiang)擠(ji)壓(ya)區(qu)的(de)終(zhong)點(dian)移(yi)動(dong)（如圖2）。顆粒機喂料不足是的料層分布而er眾zhong所suo周zhou知zhi，擠ji壓ya區qu的de終zhong點dian是shi恒heng定ding不bu變bian的de，即ji是shi由you環huan模mo軸zhou心xin與yu壓ya輥gun軸zhou心xin連lian線xian延yan長chang到dao壓ya輥gun外wai圓yuan的de點dian上shang。當dang壓ya緊jin區qu的de起qi始shi點dian向xiang擠ji壓ya區qu的de終zhong點dian移yi動dong，則ze要yao將jiang物wu料liao壓ya到dao原yuan定ding的de壓ya強qiang（因環模孔的參數是已定不變的），理論上壓緊區的區間長度不會縮短，相反還會適當延長（因隨著壓緊區向擠壓區終點的移動，在任一相同的區間長度內，空間的縮小量在不斷的減小），zheyangzuizhongjieguoshijiyaqudequjianchangduzaisuoxiao，jinerzaochengjiyaliangdejianshao。zaigongliaoquneideliaocengbulunhouyubo，doushibunengbeiyasuode，yejiushishuotadecunzaishibuxiaohaozhilijinengliangde（粉料與環模、壓輥之間產生的相對打滑磨擦能耗忽略不計）；二、當配方、溫度、濕度、壓比等等諸多相關因素都不變的情況下，對每一特定的製粒環境，按三個區域的說法，壓緊區、擠壓區的理論有效最大工作區間一旦確定是不會變化的。實際上隨著第一區域（供料區）料層厚度調節變化，隻要不超過壓緊區最大始入點，前兩大區域都將隨物料量的變化在零與最大區間內變化；三、zhilijigongzuozhong，huanmoheyagunshiyunsuxuanzhuande，meiyishunshidegongzuozhuangtaijibenshangdoushixiangdengde，ruguoweirenwuliaoliangbubian，nenghaoyeyinggaishixiangduiwendingde，fanyingdaodianjishang，dianliuyexiangduipingwen。
製(zhi)粒(li)機(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)，以(yi)上(shang)三(san)個(ge)條(tiao)件(jian)應(ying)該(gai)是(shi)成(cheng)立(li)的(de)。製(zhi)粒(li)時(shi)，我(wo)們(men)調(tiao)整(zheng)喂(wei)料(liao)量(liang)的(de)大(da)小(xiao)隻(zhi)要(yao)是(shi)供(gong)料(liao)區(qu)物(wu)料(liao)厚(hou)度(du)小(xiao)於(yu)壓(ya)緊(jin)區(qu)最(zui)大(da)起(qi)始(shi)點(dian)，都(dou)將(jiang)直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)壓(ya)緊(jin)區(qu)、擠(ji)壓(ya)區(qu)的(de)有(you)效(xiao)工(gong)作(zuo)區(qu)間(jian)長(chang)度(du)，並(bing)引(yin)起(qi)電(dian)流(liu)的(de)波(bo)動(dong)和(he)時(shi)產(chan)量(liang)的(de)變(bian)化(hua)，而(er)供(gong)料(liao)區(qu)料(liao)層(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)如(ru)果(guo)大(da)於(yu)壓(ya)緊(jin)區(qu)最(zui)大(da)起(qi)始(shi)點(dian)，則(ze)除(chu)了(le)增(zeng)大(da)供(gong)料(liao)區(qu)內(nei)的(de)料(liao)層(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)外(wai)，是(shi)不(bu)會(hui)對(dui)單(dan)位(wei)時(shi)間(jian)內(nei)的(de)時(shi)產(chan)量(liang)和(he)能(neng)耗(hao)產(chan)生(sheng)任(ren)何(he)影(ying)響(xiang)（如圖3），也就不會再引起電流和時產量的變化。因為供料區的料層厚度超過了壓緊區最大起始點，壓緊區、jiyaqudequjianjiushihengdingde，buhuiyourenhebiandong。duoweirudeliaosuozaiqujianxierujiaodayulinjiemocajiao，wuliaobuhuibeijueruyajinqu，zheyangsuizheweiliaoliangdejiada，jinchupinghengbeidapo，jindayuchu，gongliaoqudeliaocenghuiyuejiyuehou，zhidaoduimansuoyoukongxi，duxiangjinliaokou，shizhilijiwufazhengchanggongzuo。zaizhilijideshijigongzuozhong，suizhetiaozhengweiliaoliangdebianhua，shunshichanlianghezhudianjidianliudouxiangyingsuizhifashengbianhua。qiezaiweiliaohoudumeiyouchaoguoyajinquzuidaqishidianshi，buhuiyinwomenweirufenliaoliangdezengdaerzaochenggongliaoquliaocengyueduiyueduodexianxiang。zhengruqianmianyijingjiangguodewenti，nenggouyinqishunshichanlianghenenghaobianhuadequyuyinggaishilianggezuogongyuliaocengdequyu——壓緊區和擠壓區，所以我們認為上麵所提到的第三區域——供料區的合理存在是有一定條件的。也就是說，製粒機實際工作時，喂入的料層分布在壓緊區、jiyaquhezonghoudumeiyouchaoguoyajinquzuidashirendiandegongliaoqu，zhilijizaiyunxudegonglvxiahuizhengchanggongzuo，yidanweiliaoliangtaida，chaoguoyajinqudezuidashirendiandehoudu，zeliaocengjiuhuiduijibingzhujianzengda，zhilijijiubunengzhengchanggongzuo。danbulunshizhengchangqingkuangxiahaishifeizhengchangqingkuang，yishangsangequyudefenqulilundoushichenglide。
通過以上的分析，我們再來討論一下工作時可能出現的兩種工況下，製粒機所表現出來的一些現象：
一、當主電機功率與相應的各製粒參數相比不足以夠大時，我們的喂料厚度是在擠壓區的終點和壓緊區的最大始人點（這一點將隨配方、壓比、有效長徑比、濕度、壓輥等等變量因素的綜合變化而相應變化）之zhi間jian做zuo調tiao整zheng的de，一yi般ban都dou不bu會hui超chao過guo最zui大da始shi入ru點dian，隨sui著zhe喂wei料liao量liang的de增zeng大da，壓ya緊jin區qu的de區qu間jian長chang度du會hui縮suo短duan，而er擠ji壓ya區qu的de區qu間jian長chang度du相xiang應ying會hui逐zhu漸jian增zeng大da，同tong時shi主zhu電dian機ji電dian流liu也ye會hui逐zhu步bu上shang升sheng，直zhi到dao允yun許xu使shi用yong的de最zui大da值zhi。如ru果guo電dian流liu達da到dao了le我wo們men設she定ding的de保bao護hu值zhi，而er喂wei料liao厚hou度du還hai沒mei有you超chao過guo壓ya緊jin區qu最zui大da始shi人ren點dian的de厚hou度du，則ze如ru再zai增zeng大da喂wei料liao量liang，就jiu會hui造zao成cheng安an全quan係xi統tong動dong作zuo，排pai出chu多duo餘yu的de粉fen料liao，以yi保bao證zheng製zhi粒li機ji能neng正zheng常chang工gong作zuo。顆ke粒li機ji喂wei料liao過guo多duo時shi的de料liao層ceng分fen布bu
二、假(jia)設(she)主(zhu)電(dian)機(ji)功(gong)率(lv)很(hen)大(da)或(huo)因(yin)諸(zhu)多(duo)變(bian)量(liang)因(yin)素(su)綜(zong)合(he)變(bian)化(hua)造(zao)成(cheng)喂(wei)料(liao)厚(hou)度(du)超(chao)過(guo)壓(ya)緊(jin)區(qu)最(zui)大(da)始(shi)人(ren)點(dian)的(de)厚(hou)度(du)後(hou)電(dian)機(ji)未(wei)能(neng)過(guo)載(zai)。這(zhe)時(shi)多(duo)喂(wei)人(ren)的(de)粉(fen)料(liao)並(bing)不(bu)能(neng)增(zeng)大(da)時(shi)產(chan)量(liang)，也(ye)不(bu)會(hui)再(zai)引(yin)起(qi)主(zhu)電(dian)機(ji)電(dian)流(liu)的(de)增(zeng)大(da)，而(er)是(shi)隻(zhi)能(neng)不(bu)斷(duan)增(zeng)大(da)堆(dui)積(ji)在(zai)機(ji)內(nei)的(de)粉(fen)料(liao)堆(dui)，直(zhi)到(dao)堵(du)滿(man)製(zhi)粒(li)機(ji)內(nei)腔(qiang)造(zao)成(cheng)製(zhi)粒(li)機(ji)不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)。當(dang)然(ran)這(zhe)一(yi)特(te)殊(shu)現(xian)象(xiang)實(shi)際(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)較(jiao)少(shao)（如果蒸汽添加過多、粉料水分太大、有效長徑比太小、壓輥磨損嚴重且未調好間隙、配方變動等，有可能出現這種現象），zheshiwomenbuxiwangchuxiandegongkuang。shenrufenxidiyizhongchangyongdegongzuozhuangtai，womenbunanzhidao，zaiqixiangguantiaojiandoububiandeqiantixia，suizheweiliaoliangdedaxiaobianhua，yajinqu、擠壓區的區間長度在一定的範圍內也做對應的變化（喂料流量減小，擠壓區的區間長度就減小，壓緊區的區間長度就延長，反之擠壓區延長，壓緊區縮短），在(zai)喂(wei)料(liao)量(liang)沒(mei)有(you)超(chao)過(guo)壓(ya)緊(jin)區(qu)最(zui)大(da)始(shi)人(ren)點(dian)的(de)厚(hou)度(du)時(shi)，以(yi)上(shang)兩(liang)區(qu)間(jian)長(chang)度(du)不(bu)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)恒(heng)定(ding)值(zhi)。擠(ji)壓(ya)區(qu)長(chang)度(du)值(zhi)越(yue)大(da)，生(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)就(jiu)越(yue)高(gao)，且(qie)每(mei)一(yi)壓(ya)輥(gun)每(mei)次(ci)擠(ji)出(chu)的(de)飼(si)料(liao)顆(ke)粒(li)長(chang)度(du)也(ye)越(yue)長(chang)。這(zhe)就(jiu)為(wei)我(wo)們(men)用(yong)大(da)型(xing)號(hao)製(zhi)粒(li)機(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)小(xiao)直(zhi)徑(jing)水(shui)產(chan)顆(ke)粒(li)飼(si)料(liao)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)兩(liang)個(ge)操(cao)作(zuo)上(shang)的(de)要(yao)點(dian)：(1)當dang我wo們men必bi須xu用yong大da型xing號hao製zhi粒li機ji生sheng產chan小xiao直zhi徑jing的de水shui產chan飼si料liao時shi，隻zhi要yao我wo們men減jian少shao粉fen料liao喂wei入ru量liang，就jiu可ke以yi減jian小xiao兩liang個ge工gong作zuo區qu域yu的de總zong長chang度du，減jian短duan壓ya輥gun每mei一yi次ci擠ji出chu飼si料liao顆ke粒li的de長chang度du，以yi此ci獲huo得de滿man意yi長chang徑jing比bi的de短duan顆ke粒li小xiao直zhi徑jing水shui產chan飼si料liao。當dang然ran這zhe得de以yi時shi產chan量liang的de減jian少shao及ji能neng耗hao損sun失shi為wei交jiao換huan代dai價jia，不bu宜yi大da量liang采cai用yong，隻zhi能neng在zai特te殊shu情qing況kuang下xia做zuo權quan宜yi之zhi計ji；(2)除(chu)了(le)減(jian)少(shao)喂(wei)料(liao)量(liang)外(wai)，我(wo)們(men)也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)喂(wei)料(liao)量(liang)不(bu)變(bian)而(er)提(ti)高(gao)環(huan)模(mo)轉(zhuan)速(su)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)，這(zhe)樣(yang)做(zuo)相(xiang)對(dui)來(lai)說(shuo)，擠(ji)壓(ya)區(qu)會(hui)偏(pian)短(duan)，同(tong)樣(yang)也(ye)能(neng)減(jian)短(duan)小(xiao)直(zhi)徑(jing)水(shui)產(chan)飼(si)料(liao)的(de)長(chang)度(du)，且(qie)生(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)高(gao)，是(shi)一(yi)值(zhi)得(de)提(ti)倡(chang)的(de)工(gong)藝(yi)方(fang)法(fa)，其(qi)缺(que)點(dian)是(shi)，製(zhi)粒(li)機(ji)需(xu)做(zuo)適(shi)當(dang)的(de)改(gai)進(jin)。
